Below is a Google translated text and photos found under Extreme Centre Point blogs site.
I do realize that the translation that is done by Google Translate without any real knowledge of Bulgarian language can be not clear and in some instances strange. I hope this would be eventually properly translated.
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Bulgarian military in the occupied territory of the USSR during World War II. Bulgarian sanitary train on the Eastern Front
It turns out that the Bulgarian Kingdom was involved with military forces against the Soviet Union in World War II. Bulgaria sends not only sanitary train, but also guards it. Undeniable historical fact is the presence of Bulgarian parts of Germany occupied by Russian and Ukrainian territory.
Return of the sanitary train № 1
I came across a prayer service at the monument "Krasteshtata is" a project created by the sculptor Ivan Lazarov, which is located near the Military Academy. From the cluster of older women took several small bouquets and tears staggered the marble steps. When they reached the site, two of them slumped to his knees in an attitude very similar to that of the woman on a pedestal. So it was: two sadly reduced white heads and a white stone ...
Then I went on the trail of the lives of two nurses Stephen Thomasino sister and sister Maria Nemantsieva. Their story of events that happened 60 years ago during World War II and after, something reminded me of situations in the present. And then I thought I'd meet them.
Stephen Thomasino: I come from Yambol. Paternal'm Italian. My grandfather worked on the railways and remained in Bulgaria. At that time my father was seriously ill with tuberculosis, her mother barely coped with our cost, but my sister was studying in high school. I decided to enroll school nurses at Bulgarian Red Cross. I had to learn something, to make profession. Thus came the war.
Maria Nemantsieva: I'm from Skopje. My father was a member of IMRO and killed him in the Ilinden Uprising. Mom worked as a nurse, my sister and I were in her hands. Nursing school provided a full board.I finished it in August 1941, and in 1942 received a call-up. Mobilized me Sanitary train № 1 of the Eastern Front.
1943 sanitary train № 1 somewhere in military Europe
From the author:
Bulgarian society hardly remember that Bulgaria has participated in a humanitarian mission as early as the bloodiest war ever World. It is known that then Bulgaria has sent troops to the Eastern Front, it maintains diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union, but as a political stance in the war on the side of the Tripartite Pact. Intervention by which the then government and the king approved, a humanitarian aid to the wounded and injured on the Eastern Front, which launches the Red Cross mission of the sanitary train and field hospital in Jabłonna-Legionovo to Warsaw.
Stephen Thomasino: At the beginning of 1942 called me Nevena Sendova sister, aunt now famous academician Sendov, who was head of the Red Cross nurses. "Posting your Toilet train that runs on the Eastern Front. Will give you three pay and then you pay wages here. The train will give you pocket money.Are seconded from March to December. If you pass, you can stay and more. "
Maria Nemantsieva: the train only my sister and Thomasino were women. Samaritans did not because the work was hard for ambulance men. The guys treated us with little respect and care. Sister Thomasino is long known and liked, so we were not hard to share life on the train. But it was a war. The most serious was that you can not stay for a moment alone.
On the train there were two doctors, Dr. Razboynikov and Dr. Burmov. Very good surgeons. But when the wounded exceeded 200 people, they do not keep up and we take a small manipulations. They report it and we were grateful. Everyone is trying to alleviate the suffering of the wounded. There were nights where no bedtime. It was very tiring. By priberyah the interior, fell asleep even as he undressed. Sometimes not slept in 18 20 hours. I remember one such night nurse Thomasino sit for five minutes and slept soundly.War.
Stephen Thomasino: Train traveling through the Baltics to Ukraine to Crimea. It was, as they call it now, humanitarian and rescue mission. Sanitary train was equipped in Bulgaria, but the routes received from the German command. His constant stop was in Warsaw. Treated many of the wounded in field surgical hospital in Jabłonna-Legionovo to Warsaw, equipped and staffed also by Bulgarians.
The station in Zakopane
My first trip was to get frostbitten soldiers at Stalingrad. Never later I've never seen people so frostbitten feet, hands and faces ...
Maria Nemantsieva: Everyone ripped of death was a victory for us. So we were taught in school for nurses and such were the principles of the Red Cross.
Stephen Thomasino: We traveled mostly during the day because we were afraid of mines and guerrilla actions. Mine was for the army, but sometimes treated sanitary trains.
Maria Nemantsieva: One night I had to leave because there were many wounded. We ran into a mine. The locomotive and first two carriages derailed. They, thankfully, were not sick and protective filled with gravel and sand for stability of the composition. Saved us several times. Felt the shock. Panic. The electricity went out. Heating stopped. Fear, fear, as you can feel just war.
Stephen Thomasino: We stayed a few hours. And the sick, and we studuvahme. Then came the locomotive continued. Experienced an air raid. Bombs fell. Thank God we do not hit. It was in the Baltics. We believed that we keep large white crosses painted on the roof of each vehicle, but we heard the explosion and sanitary trains that oppresses us. But we were young, we lived.
Maria Nemantsieva: While waiting for the wounded heard ominous stories. Was enraged both sides. In Simferopol told us how in a wine cellar hid 200 Russians. It was hell. Tanks, aircraft, shooting. People are not able to evacuate and hide. But their retreat Soviets exploded cellar ... meetings and children left homeless and parents with hungry eyes wild with fear and loneliness. At stops people begging bread. What can spend giving them.
Sanitary train № 1 has gone on mine
Stephen Thomasino: bag constant rumble of fronts. Explosions erupted nearby. We were immersed in human misery. In the fear of the future. Nobody knows how it will continue on. Prewar introduced us to the world were swept away ... I remember a young man asked me to go with him to a German town to meet his mother. Always said I will know in the town square with the cathedral and the town hall. As if the squares of all German towns are not the same. They took him in a coma ...
Maria Nemantsieva: Among the wounded were soldiers of all nationalities who fought on the Eastern Front. French, Czechs, Hungarians, Austrians, Romanians. There were no Poles, Serbs, and of course Bulgarians.
Treatment and Russian prisoners. I remember a soldier of the Wehrmacht and a Soviet officer. Their beds were nearby. One night, the Russian would choke the German signaled for help. Then their relationship evolved interesting. At first studied. Gradually realized that the war had affected them equally. They had been sent to fight without asking them if they want. Now of fighters had turned to people in need of help.They tried to talk to their parents, their wives, what worked, how they are. Showing pictures and talismans. As if they did not want to think about war and death were used ...
Stephen Thomasino: radio talking about wins, but we load more wounded who told terrible things. I saw each of them is charged with a young and expensive human blood. But I try not to think, because people suffered and had to help them.
Maria Nemantsieva: In early 1944 Thomasino sister returned to Bulgaria. Left alone. Front approaching Germany, and we were still far from home. I asked for demobilization, but I was told that while there is a mission we should stay there.
On September 5, 1944 in the evening we heard that the Soviets declared war on us and our government sought peace. Whether or not we immigrants!
Stephen Thomasino: I returned to Bulgaria before the war. I was told that the hospital of the Red Cross in need of staff. Later the nurse told me: Germans complained that the team of our health mission is Italian.You've Thomasino! But Italy had already declared war on Germany.
Bulgarian military hospital in Legionovo
Maria Nemantsieva: With a group paramedics, doctors and nurses from the field hospital we were able to go home. This social system as we learned to say later, was changed. Sofia lost his residence and left without a place because I thought I was working in Germany. And I had only one performer will of the then legal government of Bulgaria.
Stephen Thomasino: In 1949, I was released from the hospital, the Red Cross, because I was on the Eastern Front. I told them, do not you mobilized and sent me there? Now the Germans are enemies, but five years ago were allies. I wear proudly kasinkata (?) his sister by the Red Cross. We are educated and share the principles of the International Red Cross, so where are we going to send us there. And what does the nurse who cares for injured and starving, your policy? Why confuse my life? My questions are not touched anyone.
Thus began my wanderings in hospitals and clinics. Without work I'm stuck, because I'm very good operating nurse, but it was on someone who burrowed in my biography and everything is repeated again and again.
Maria Nemantsieva: I do not understand the motives of such people. I could stay in Germany or Switzerland, but did not think anything could stop me from going back to Bulgaria to live and work here. It turned out that I was lied to. Long time not giving me work. Later settled in Plovdiv, married and still working as a nurse. In the 80s I came to visit colleagues Sanitary Train, who remained abroad. They wondered why we repress ...
From the author:
If sanitary train № 1 has just returned home. He returned to the resurrection in our life concept "humanitarian mission" with the new responsibilities that our country has in the modern world. These otovornosti and these missions are performed by today's generation of Bulgarians: fighters, doctors, just people. Let endured, brutal experience of the sanitary train added wisdom of society and then to keep these people from our environment, demagoguery and political vicissitudes. Bulgarian bitter memory testified that often those who valiantly doing his duty, he is rejected, insulted, trampled. In fact, decent citizens have nothing else to be prosecuted, except for his virtues. But the future must not allow this ...
Author Unknown
I came across a prayer service at the monument "Krasteshtata is" a project created by the sculptor Ivan Lazarov, which is located near the Military Academy. From the cluster of older women took several small bouquets and tears staggered the marble steps. When they reached the site, two of them slumped to his knees in an attitude very similar to that of the woman on a pedestal. So it was: two sadly reduced white heads and a white stone ...
Then I went on the trail of the lives of two nurses Stephen Thomasino sister and sister Maria Nemantsieva. Their story of events that happened 60 years ago during World War II and after, something reminded me of situations in the present. And then I thought I'd meet them.
Stephen Thomasino: I come from Yambol. Paternal'm Italian. My grandfather worked on the railways and remained in Bulgaria. At that time my father was seriously ill with tuberculosis, her mother barely coped with our cost, but my sister was studying in high school. I decided to enroll school nurses at Bulgarian Red Cross. I had to learn something, to make profession. Thus came the war.
Maria Nemantsieva: I'm from Skopje. My father was a member of IMRO and killed him in the Ilinden Uprising. Mom worked as a nurse, my sister and I were in her hands. Nursing school provided a full board.I finished it in August 1941, and in 1942 received a call-up. Mobilized me Sanitary train № 1 of the Eastern Front.
1943 sanitary train № 1 somewhere in military Europe
From the author:
Bulgarian society hardly remember that Bulgaria has participated in a humanitarian mission as early as the bloodiest war ever World. It is known that then Bulgaria has sent troops to the Eastern Front, it maintains diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union, but as a political stance in the war on the side of the Tripartite Pact. Intervention by which the then government and the king approved, a humanitarian aid to the wounded and injured on the Eastern Front, which launches the Red Cross mission of the sanitary train and field hospital in Jabłonna-Legionovo to Warsaw.
Stephen Thomasino: At the beginning of 1942 called me Nevena Sendova sister, aunt now famous academician Sendov, who was head of the Red Cross nurses. "Posting your Toilet train that runs on the Eastern Front. Will give you three pay and then you pay wages here. The train will give you pocket money.Are seconded from March to December. If you pass, you can stay and more. "
Maria Nemantsieva: the train only my sister and Thomasino were women. Samaritans did not because the work was hard for ambulance men. The guys treated us with little respect and care. Sister Thomasino is long known and liked, so we were not hard to share life on the train. But it was a war. The most serious was that you can not stay for a moment alone.
On the train there were two doctors, Dr. Razboynikov and Dr. Burmov. Very good surgeons. But when the wounded exceeded 200 people, they do not keep up and we take a small manipulations. They report it and we were grateful. Everyone is trying to alleviate the suffering of the wounded. There were nights where no bedtime. It was very tiring. By priberyah the interior, fell asleep even as he undressed. Sometimes not slept in 18 20 hours. I remember one such night nurse Thomasino sit for five minutes and slept soundly.War.
Stephen Thomasino: Train traveling through the Baltics to Ukraine to Crimea. It was, as they call it now, humanitarian and rescue mission. Sanitary train was equipped in Bulgaria, but the routes received from the German command. His constant stop was in Warsaw. Treated many of the wounded in field surgical hospital in Jabłonna-Legionovo to Warsaw, equipped and staffed also by Bulgarians.
The station in Zakopane
My first trip was to get frostbitten soldiers at Stalingrad. Never later I've never seen people so frostbitten feet, hands and faces ...
Maria Nemantsieva: Everyone ripped of death was a victory for us. So we were taught in school for nurses and such were the principles of the Red Cross.
Stephen Thomasino: We traveled mostly during the day because we were afraid of mines and guerrilla actions. Mine was for the army, but sometimes treated sanitary trains.
Maria Nemantsieva: One night I had to leave because there were many wounded. We ran into a mine. The locomotive and first two carriages derailed. They, thankfully, were not sick and protective filled with gravel and sand for stability of the composition. Saved us several times. Felt the shock. Panic. The electricity went out. Heating stopped. Fear, fear, as you can feel just war.
Stephen Thomasino: We stayed a few hours. And the sick, and we studuvahme. Then came the locomotive continued. Experienced an air raid. Bombs fell. Thank God we do not hit. It was in the Baltics. We believed that we keep large white crosses painted on the roof of each vehicle, but we heard the explosion and sanitary trains that oppresses us. But we were young, we lived.
Maria Nemantsieva: While waiting for the wounded heard ominous stories. Was enraged both sides. In Simferopol told us how in a wine cellar hid 200 Russians. It was hell. Tanks, aircraft, shooting. People are not able to evacuate and hide. But their retreat Soviets exploded cellar ... meetings and children left homeless and parents with hungry eyes wild with fear and loneliness. At stops people begging bread. What can spend giving them.
Sanitary train № 1 has gone on mine
Stephen Thomasino: bag constant rumble of fronts. Explosions erupted nearby. We were immersed in human misery. In the fear of the future. Nobody knows how it will continue on. Prewar introduced us to the world were swept away ... I remember a young man asked me to go with him to a German town to meet his mother. Always said I will know in the town square with the cathedral and the town hall. As if the squares of all German towns are not the same. They took him in a coma ...
Maria Nemantsieva: Among the wounded were soldiers of all nationalities who fought on the Eastern Front. French, Czechs, Hungarians, Austrians, Romanians. There were no Poles, Serbs, and of course Bulgarians.
Treatment and Russian prisoners. I remember a soldier of the Wehrmacht and a Soviet officer. Their beds were nearby. One night, the Russian would choke the German signaled for help. Then their relationship evolved interesting. At first studied. Gradually realized that the war had affected them equally. They had been sent to fight without asking them if they want. Now of fighters had turned to people in need of help.They tried to talk to their parents, their wives, what worked, how they are. Showing pictures and talismans. As if they did not want to think about war and death were used ...
Stephen Thomasino: radio talking about wins, but we load more wounded who told terrible things. I saw each of them is charged with a young and expensive human blood. But I try not to think, because people suffered and had to help them.
Maria Nemantsieva: In early 1944 Thomasino sister returned to Bulgaria. Left alone. Front approaching Germany, and we were still far from home. I asked for demobilization, but I was told that while there is a mission we should stay there.
On September 5, 1944 in the evening we heard that the Soviets declared war on us and our government sought peace. Whether or not we immigrants!
Stephen Thomasino: I returned to Bulgaria before the war. I was told that the hospital of the Red Cross in need of staff. Later the nurse told me: Germans complained that the team of our health mission is Italian.You've Thomasino! But Italy had already declared war on Germany.
Bulgarian military hospital in Legionovo
Maria Nemantsieva: With a group paramedics, doctors and nurses from the field hospital we were able to go home. This social system as we learned to say later, was changed. Sofia lost his residence and left without a place because I thought I was working in Germany. And I had only one performer will of the then legal government of Bulgaria.
Stephen Thomasino: In 1949, I was released from the hospital, the Red Cross, because I was on the Eastern Front. I told them, do not you mobilized and sent me there? Now the Germans are enemies, but five years ago were allies. I wear proudly kasinkata (?) his sister by the Red Cross. We are educated and share the principles of the International Red Cross, so where are we going to send us there. And what does the nurse who cares for injured and starving, your policy? Why confuse my life? My questions are not touched anyone.
Thus began my wanderings in hospitals and clinics. Without work I'm stuck, because I'm very good operating nurse, but it was on someone who burrowed in my biography and everything is repeated again and again.
Maria Nemantsieva: I do not understand the motives of such people. I could stay in Germany or Switzerland, but did not think anything could stop me from going back to Bulgaria to live and work here. It turned out that I was lied to. Long time not giving me work. Later settled in Plovdiv, married and still working as a nurse. In the 80s I came to visit colleagues Sanitary Train, who remained abroad. They wondered why we repress ...
From the author:
If sanitary train № 1 has just returned home. He returned to the resurrection in our life concept "humanitarian mission" with the new responsibilities that our country has in the modern world. These otovornosti and these missions are performed by today's generation of Bulgarians: fighters, doctors, just people. Let endured, brutal experience of the sanitary train added wisdom of society and then to keep these people from our environment, demagoguery and political vicissitudes. Bulgarian bitter memory testified that often those who valiantly doing his duty, he is rejected, insulted, trampled. In fact, decent citizens have nothing else to be prosecuted, except for his virtues. But the future must not allow this ...
Author Unknown
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Humanitarian mission to the Eastern Front Posted 11 July 2011 - 14:46:58
http://nauka.bg/forum/index.php?showtopic=11819
Sanitary train and field hospital. In November 1941 the Supreme Management Bulgarian Red Cross, represented by Prof. Dr. Orahovac, organizes rig sanitary train to work on the Eastern Front in the interest of the German army. Manager Train Stoyan Popstoyanov - a specialist surgeon. Members of the board include: Lt. Col. Dr. Spas Spassov Razboynikov Sergei Grancharov-chemist, senior nurse is Maria Nemantsieva, six nurses, six Samaritans, four people-carrier train supervisor, two paramedics and five people household composition. Total personnel the train is 27 people. On 23 February 1942 the sanitary train departs from Sofia to fulfill its mission. As head of the train is designated Dr. Atanas Atanasov - a specialist surgeon. included additional Karastoychev Dr. Boyan, mobilized nurses Stephen Thomasino and Raina Pencheva paramedics and other support staff. served first train south, and then the central sector of the Eastern Front. During the period 1943-1944, the train has already used the entire front and repeatedly traveled the distance from St. Petersburg to the Crimea. Meanwhile, the head of the train is a military doctor Lt. Col. Spas Razboynikov doctor and a second doctor is Dr. Luben Burmov. memories from participants the mission is clear, that the sanitary train serves primarily the German army, but there are many cases when they are transported and treated wounded Russian soldiers. At all stops along the route staff assist local people with food and medicine, and sometimes doctors assist and at the homes of Bulgarian emigrants. During February 1945 the sanitary train came under heavy bombardment of the station in the city of Cottbus, then is pulled to the surroundings Leipzig. There was once again hit by aerial bombardment and terminate their business. During the two bombing victims among the staff on the train no. In April 1945 came the first American troops to take the train and use it for their own needs. Along with preparation for shipment of sanitary stakmyava train and equip a surgical hospital with 200 beds, which at the end of February 1942 departs from Sofia. Hospital loaded with 16 cars and 11's property, and the remaining 5 - personnel, totaling 96 people. Train set headed for Poland, passing through Yugoslavia and Austria. Revealed in Legionovo district of Warsaw. Initially head of the military medical hospital doctor Gerdjikov captain, and then he left the post was assumed by Dr. Kozhuharov. From the memoirs of Dr. podpolkovyak Spas Razboynikov shows that the hospital is equipped with 17 doctors in two separate. The hospital has well equipped operating room, dressings, laboratory x-ray room with wash pictures X-ray Siemens - Kugel "for photos and hospital operating rooms and gipsovachno. Bulgarian hospitals are treated primarily moderate and minor injuries. discovered firearms broken bones represent about 30% of the enrollment in the cold winter of 1942 in the hospital entering large number of patients with frostbite on the extremities. not uncommon when performed amputations of lower limbs with frost with gangrene. Much attention is paid of gymnastics. were conducted regular breathing exercises, massage with talc or glycerine paste. staff reveals a cash shop, which made equipment for the so-called physical therapy. Consequently frontline situation is complicated in the beginning of September 1944 left the hospital Legionovo and reveals in the town of Tulln, near Vienna (Austria), where he continues to work. hospital staff assist not only wounded soldiers, but in need of the local population. Particularly active is helping the victims during heavy air raid on the city. German administration took over the hospital when Bulgaria declared war on Germany and putting its head, and the staff continues to perform his duties. During the middle of April 1945 the hospital out of business and the staff is dispersed in different countries in Europe, America and Australia.This completes humanitarian medical mission during World War II.
cited by http://www.referati....a/34115/ref/p37
Bulgarian military in the occupied territory of the USSR during the Second World War. Bulgarian sanitary train on the Eastern Front
/ publication of photos / http://www.extremece...?p=7072&cpage=1 Bulgarian sanitary train on the Eastern Front with pictures http://free-bg.net/i ... rid = 70 & Itemid = 7
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